Taqweem is a system utilized to calculate prayer times, with varying approaches employed by different countries and masajids. These prayer timings are determined by considering the sun's position and adhering to the principles of Islamic jurisprudence.
There are different methods for calculating prayer times that can be followed:
Islamic World Organization ( Muslim League ):
This approach is commonly adopted in European and Far Eastern regions.
- The Fajr (dawn) Azan is calculated based on 18-degree angle below the horizon before Shrooq time (sunrise).
- Isha (night) Azan is calculated based on a 17-degree angle below the horizon after the Maghrib (sunset) Azan.
Taqweem Um Al-Qura (Saudi Arabia) :
This system is primarily used in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
- Fajr Azan time is computed based on an 18.5-degree angle below the horizon before Shrooq time.
- Isha Azan time is a fixed one and a half hours after Maghrib.
Altaqweem Almasri (Egypt):
This system is used in Africa and many Arab countries.
- Fajr Azan time is calculated based on a 19.5-degree angle below the horizon before Shrooq time.
- Isha Azan time is determined based on a 17.5-degree angle below the horizon after the Maghrib Azan.
Islamic Scientific University (Hanafi):
This system is mainly used in the Indian Sub-continent.
- Fajr Azan time is calculated based on an 18-degree angle below the horizon before Shrooq time.
- Isha Azan time is calculated based on an 18-degree angle below the horizon after Maghrib Azan.
Islamic Society of North America (ISNA):
This system is mostly used in North America.
- Fajr Azan time is computed based on 15-degree angle below the horizon after shrooq time.
- Isha Azan is calculated based on a 15-degree angle below the Maghrib Azan
Fixed Time (Northern Europe):
This system is used in Northern Europe.
- Fajr time is determined as a fixed interval of time before shrooq time.
- Isha time is determined as a fixed interval of time after Maghrib azan.
Each of these methods caters to the specific geographical and cultural contexts of the regions or organizations where they are employed.